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No. 417,473. Patented Dec. 17, 1889.

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No. 417,473. Patented Deo. 17, 1889.

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UNITED 1 STAT-Es `PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN S. DAVIS, OF TOLEDO, ASSIGNOR TO `DIEN E. SUMNER, OF CLEVE- LAND, OHIO.

GRAIN-BINDING HARVESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 417,473, dated December 17, 1889. Application iiled May 27, 1885- Serial No. 166,849. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN S. DAVIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State ot' Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grain-Binding I-Iarvesters, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention has' for its object the improvement of grain-binding harvesters of the class known as f platform-binders? in which the grain is gaveled and bound on or substantially on the level of the platform in rear of the main wheel.

It relates to the construction of the gaveling and binding` .mechanism and its location on a'harvester-frame especially adapted to carry it, the said harvester-frame, however, being the subject of another application for a patent, which was -filed by meM-arch 7, 1835, renewed July 5, 1887, and patented August 2S, 1388, No. 388,765.

The accompanying drawings represent my improvements and their 'application in the best form now known Vto me. Some of them, however, may be used without others and in machines differing in some respects from that shown and hereinafter particularly described, and the details of construction may be moditied in variousways without departing,r from the spirit of my invention. n

Figure-1 is a general plan View of my improved harvester-frame, showing the gaveling and binding mechanism suitably applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, of the frame as seen from the stubble side of the machine.` Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view, partly in section, on the lines 3 3 of Figsft and 5, of the main portion of a harvesterfraine immediately surrounding the driving- Fig. 4: is an outside elevation of the same, partly in section, on the line l a of Fig. 3, with some of the parts broken away for the purpose of better illustration. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the same as seen from the grain side. Fig. G is a plan view of the stubble end of the grain-platform with the binding mechanism mounted thereon. Fig. 7 is asimilar viewl of theV same with some of the upper portionsv of the binding mechanism removed and some parts broken away to better illustrate a lower plane than that shown in Fig. 6. Fig.8 is an outside elevation of the platform and binding mechanism. Fig. 9 is an inside elevation of the'same, partly in section, on the lines 9 9 of Figs. G and 10. Fig. 10 is a rear View, partly in elevation and partly in section, onV the lines 10 10 of Figs. 1 and 6, show-v ing the bindingmechanism, main frame, dac., in their normal positions. Fig. 11 is va sectional elevation on the line 1l l1 of Fig. 6,

showing the path of motion of the packerj 'the rear packer-arm is pivoted. Fig. 14 is a similar view of the bracket and joint for the front packer-arm. Fig. 15 is a detail view showing the manner of connecting the pitmen which actuate the packers to t-he swaybar. connection of one -of the pitmen to its packerarm, the removable cap or cover forming the upper part of the socket being removed. Fig. 17 is a detail View of the same, partly in section, on the line 17 17 of Fig. 16. Fig. 18 is a diagram view of the cam-track on the roller which raises and lowers the points of the packer-arms. Fig. -19 is a plan or top View of the bars of the breast-frame which forms the top of the binding-receptacle. Fig.v

Fig. 16 lllustrates the ball-and-socket and 21b illustrate a method of-supporting the 95 outer end of the rear bar of the breastframe. FiO. 22 is a view artl Y in rear ele- .vation and partly in section, on the lines 22 roo Figf, a similar view in section on the line 23 23 of Fig. 7. Figs. 24 and 25 are similar detailed sectional views on the lines 24 24 and 25 25, respectively, Of Figs. (i, 7, S, and i). Fig. 2G is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, of the front face of the driving-pinion and binder-wheel, showing details of the starting pawl or latch; Fig. 27, a bottom plan view of the pawl detached. Figs. QS'and Q9 are detail views of the quadrant and spring through which pressure of the compressor-arm on the bundle may be varied. Fig. 30 is a detail view of the springand cam for holding the retainer-arm in its working position; Fig. 3], a similar view of the same at a subsequent stage of the operation; Fig. 32, a similar view to Fig. 30, showing a modified form of cam. Figs. 33, 3l, 35, and 3G are views of the binding mechanism similar to Fig. 10, but showing the relative position of the eut-off, needle, compressor, and ejector arms, and their actuating devices at several successive stages of the binding operation,

The main frame A of the harvester is composed of [iat bar-iron bent to form a rectangle, the space within which is divided by a longitudinal brace-bar A. The driving-wheel B is located in the inner one of the two compartments thus formed and supports the frame upon its axle B by means of yoked standards a., attached to the adjacent framebars, the frame being sustained and vertically adjustable on the axle by means of geared racks in the yokes, into which take pinions a',

keyed fast to the axle, as clearly set forth in the before-mentioned harvester, application No. 158,037. An angle-iron bar A3, composing the finger-beam and front sill of the grainplatform, is twisted at a point. near its julletion with the main frame to bring its front upright face to an angle that will conform to the angle of the main frame, against the back bar of which it is securely bolted, as shown. The outer side bar A4 of the main frame is slightly bent edgewise near its point of connection to the rear bar of the frame and extends horizontally across the outer end of the platform to the rear sill thereof, to which it is securely attached, and to prevent its sagging under the weight of the binding mechanism and platform l employ a truss-brace a3, as shown, to stiffen or strengthen it. A diagonal brace-bar AG extends from near the front inner corner of the main frame to the finger-beam, to which it is rigidly attached at a point about inline with the first guard-lingerwhile a casting or shoe c4, secured to the finger-beam between the brace-bar andthe main frame, extends forward and is curved to meet the brace-bar A, to which it is also bolted. A Iianged step on this casting receives the lower end of a reel-post A7, which is held firmly in place on the step by a bolt.

In the outer compartment of the main frame are located a bracket or gear-casing C and two standards or brackets D and E, which span the space between the bars A A and are securely bolted to them. The standards D and E constitute the frame or main support of the binding mechanism and are united at their tops by an overhanging supportingarm F, securely bolted to each standard and extending to a point above the grain-receptacle about midway across the platform. This arm consists of a flat bar of wrought iron or steel bent edgewise to theA shape shown in Figs. 2, S, and il, and is sufficiently strong to sustain the weight of the binding mechanism imposed upon it. A brace-rod d is attached to the reel-post A7 and extends diagonally from it to the rearward extremity of the overhang-ing arm, bracing it against side movement. The reel-post is firmly held in its upright posit-ion by brace-rods a6 ai, the former attached to the head of the standard E and the latter to the main frame at any suitable point in advance of the post.

The drivers seat G is located in front of and over the driving-wheel `and is sustained by a bifurcated seat standard or lever, the members or forks G of which are fulcrumed upon the axle at each side of the main wheel and pass at their lower extremities beneath resistance-points attached to the main frame in rear of the axle. By this construction the seat-standard is made to act as a lever and the drivers weight utili'I/.ed to counterbalance the preponderance of the weight of the machine at the rear of the axle, enabling me to place the main wheel in front of the platform and yet maintain a proper balaneeof the maehineupon the axle without the use of a trailing caster-wheel at the rear of the platform.

Knot-tying mechanism,which forms the subject of another application for a patent filed by me, is inclosed in a box or casing C', which, constituting part of the biinling-receptacle and affording support to some ofthe operative parts of the binding mechanism, is a necessary feature of this application. At the rear end of the knetter-box is a downwardly-proj ecting foot suitably ribbed to give it the requisite strength and securely bolted to the extension-barA4, while at its forward end the box rests upon and is bolted to a cross-bar c of the standard E. (See Figs. 7,8,19,22, and 23.) A drivingshaftl2 revolves in overhanging sleeve-bearings c c2, cast to the gearbox C. At the inner end of this shaft is mounted a spur-pinion b', driven by a spurgear wheel b, cast within or attached to the driving-wheel l). A beveled wheel b2 is keyed to the shaft between the sleeve-bearin gs and engages a beveled pinion b3, supported on the end of a shaft B, which is journaled at its forward end in a sleeve-bearing c, cast on the gear-box. This shaft extends backward and downward at an angle to a point beneath the standard l), where it is united bya universal joint D* to a shaft ll, which extends horizontally back across the platform, and is supported in a bearing c on the standard E and in a bearing son t-he rear sill-bar. The bear- IOO ing-receptacle.

ing a8 consists of a sleeve having an extend.- ing flange'or foot piece, by which it is secured to the sill. At suitable intervals along the shaft are rollersv H, by which the platforlncarrier belts h to h6 are driven. The shaft extends through the bearing as and carries at its rear projecting end a crank-disk H2. A sway-bar I is suitably pivoted near its center I to the bottom of the platform. It lies between the upper and lower surfaces of the lcarrier-belts and projects at its extremities through the front and rear sills, beingconnected at its front end to the cutter-bar and at its rear end by a pitman I2 to the cran k-disk H2, by which it is vibrated.

The wooden iiooring which constitutes the bottom of the platform consists of thin boards running lengthwise thereof and supported at their ends bytransverse iron brace-bars I3, which extend across the platform and are secured by their upturned ends to the front and rear sills. platform below the lower surfaces of the carrier-belts, and to the outer one of them is secured a series of spring fingers or bars z" to i9, which constitute the bottom bars of the bind- These spring-bars are'bolted at their inner lower ends to the bar I3 and rise with an easy inclination in the spaces between the belts until a sufficient height above their upper surfaces is attained, when they extend in a plane above and parallel withthe tops of the -belts to the outer edge of the bindingreceptacle. At their outer ends the springbars normally lie in aplane slightly above the top of the knotter-box C', there being a small space between the cover of the box andy those bars which extend over it. When the grain is being packed into the binding-receptacle and bound, the bars which extend over the box-cover are pressed'down and rest upon it but when the bound gavel is ejected from the receptacle vand its weight removed from the bars they spring up from `the cover and permit free exit of any straws which may have gotten beneath them or between them and the cover.

The spacing arrangement of the belts and spring receptacle-bars across the platform is such as to best adapt them to the performance of their own functions while permitting the operation of other parts of the binding mechanisms which move through or between them. The belt h lies close to the finger-beam, against the upright face of which is bolted the fiat side of the first receptacle-bar i', the inclined or rising portion of which presents its edge on top; but when the proper altitude above the beltsis attained the bar is twisted to bring its fiat side or broad surfaceon top. The front cut-off finger works in the narrow space between the .belts 7L h2, in which there is no spring receptacle-bar. A straight receptacle-bar 2 lies between the belts h2 h3. The point of the front packer-arm works in the space between the belts h3 h4, and two receptacle-barsz'3 i overlie the adjacent edges These cross-bars extend across the lof the belts and are supported by a common platform'is the rear cut-off arm and the last receptaclabar it. It will be seen by the drawings that the carrier-belts run through slots in the inclined or entrance portion and well under the bottom of the receptacle which lifts the straw from off the belts, freeing them entirely from it before they reach their drivingrollers. This prevent-s the pulling down by the belts and wrapping upon the driving-rollers of occasional onstray straws, the accumulation of which would necessitate the stoppage of `the machine for their removal, adiffi- Iculty frequently experienced where the carriers terminate on a roller at the entrance to the receptacle. The top or breast of the binding-receptacle is formed bytwo bars J J sustained in position over the center of the receptacle by the overhanging arm of the binderframe. A cast-metal bracket or supporting head F is attached to the end of the arm F, and

to adownwardly-projectingfiangef on its rear facev is securely bolted the heel orbutt-end of the receptacle or breast bar J J. The bars J J are T-shaped in cross-section to make them lightV and strong, the headsr of the Ts being turned do'wn to present a broad surface, against which the grain may be tightly packed without being abraded orcut. of attachment to the supporting-headl the breast-bar extends inwardly and is curved down toward the bottom bars of the receptacle, ,approaching them most nearly at the point of angle between their inclined and IOO From its point IIO horizontal surfaces, from whence it extends by an easy curve inward aud upward until such an altitude is attained as will insure its always being above the incoming grain. As the bar recedes inwardly from its point of attachment to the supporting-head the rib on its top is tapered or gradually reduced in depth until it reaches the extreme inner end of the bar, where it merges into a perforated boss formed at the termination of the bottom flange.

A companion breast-bar J is supported by the bar J through a connecting bridge piece I or bracket J 2, securely bolted tothe latterou its inner upwardly curved portion. The bridge consists of a cylindrical tube, which spans the space between the two breast-bars, andprovided at each of its ends with downwardly-projecting fianges or feet, by which it is bolted to the vbars with two bolts in each, as shown. The bridge is strengthened by cornel' brackets or ribs cast on the inner faces of the feet and extending along the connecting-tube, and the ribs on the upper faces of the bars are deepened and thickened opposite the bridge-feet to give them greater strength at this point. From its point of connection to the bridge the rib on the bar J is tapered or gradually reduced in depth toward its outer free end, and with this exception the two bars are alike in general shape. At their inner ends the bars are united by a rod j, which passes through their perforated bosses, is surrounded by a spacing sleeve or lthimble j between the bars, and provided with clamping-nuts, which bear against the outer faces of ythe bars and clamp the whole structure rigidly together. At its front end the rod j extends from the breast-frame to the brace-rod a, and is bent to intersect it at a right angle, and, passing through an eye or perforation therein, is firmly secured by screw-nuts on each side of the eye. 'lhe rod j and spacing-thimblejl assist the bridge J 2 in maintaining the parallelism of the breastbars, while the distant connection of the rod to the brace-bai' f1.5 stiffens the breast-frame against twisting strains and holds it firmly against either side motion or spring.

The outer end of the breast-bar J opposite the point of attachment of the bar J to the overhanging arm may be left free or without support, as shown in most of the figures of the drawings. For all ordinary work with the design and proportions of the breast-frame shown this would fulfill all the requirements; but where an extraordinary compression of the bundles or any other condition making it desirable to have the end of the bar supported is called for` it may be accomplished as shownin Figs. 2l and 2l" and by dotted lines in Fig. f), the bar terminating in a cylindrical boss or hub, which fits over the projecting end of the retainer-shaft S', and is held in place thereon by the retainerarm and a collar pinned to the shaft, the shaft revolving freely in the boss. There is no point of the space in the breast-frame between the bridge-piece and the retainer-shaft that is not traversed by one or the other of the moving arms of the binding mechanism, and consequently it is not possible to support the end of the breast-bar J by any fixed means directly from the supporting-head, as any fixture to accomplish this object would necessarily have to loop or bow around outside of the path of the arms and above the binding-receptacle. The tubular portion of the connecting-bridge is elevated above the bars in order to keep it above the path of the cut-off arm, which swings across the throat and moves between the bars above the plane of their bottoms, as shown by the several figures of the drawings.

The needle, cut-ofi", compressor, and ejector arms work within` the space between the two breast-bars, as will hereinafter be explained.

As shown by the drawings, (see particularly Figs. l0 and 33 to 36,) the breast and bottom bars J and t' of the binding-receptacle are so shaped and situated relatively to each other as to form at their inner ends a wide mouth for the reception of the incoming grain from the platform, which, as the bars approach each other, is gradually reduced to form a throat or narrow passage-way, terminating abruptly'in the binding-receptacle. The grain is brought in from the platform by the carrier-belts and deposited upon the bottom receptacle-bars t' immediately in front of the throat, being lifted off the belts by the inclined portion of the bars and accumulated within reach of the packing devices, which urge it through the throat and into the binding-receptacle. The packers consist of two or more pivoted arms K, which lie below the bottom of the receptacle and between the upper and lower surfaces of thc carrier-belts. They are provided at their free swinging ends with upwardly-extending fingers, which project above the bottom of the receptacle and into the throat as the arms are vibrated outwardly, but are depressed below the bottom of the receptacle on the inward vibration of the arms. In the drawings two of these packer-arms are shown (see Figs. G, 7, 10, and l2 to 17, inclusive) pivoted to brackets bolted to the front and rear sills of the platform.

'lhe bracket K', supporting the front packer-arm, is attached outside of or upon the front face of the sill A3, (or, rather, upon the rear bar of the main frame, which at this point lies against the sill,) and is provided with two ears, which extend over the sill and beyond its inner face. A knuckle or universal joint k is pivoted between these ears, upon a horizontal pin 71;', while the packerarm is pivoted upon a pin k2, which passes through the upright member of the knuckle, the arm being bifurcated and embracing the said member between its forks. An arm le depends from the outer face of the horizontal member of the knuckle to a point below the lower surface of the belts, where it terminates in two ears or lugs, between which is pivoted a bar L, which connects the knuckles of the front and rear packers together, and which, being reciprocate/d, rocks the knuckles upon the horizontal pins and causes the points of the packer-arms to rise and fall through the bottom of' the receptacle.

An inside face View of the bracket K and knuckle-joint which supports the front packer-arm is shown` in Fig. 14. The bracket is bolted upon the outer face of the sill to permit the carrier-belt h to run close to the inner face thereof. The rear packer-arm is constructed and mounted precisely like the front one, except that the bracket K2 (shown in Fig. 13) is slightly modified to adapt it to its position on the rear sill. `Ncar its rear end the bar L has two lugs or projections on its upper surface, which are rounded on their adjacent faces and snugly embrace a lever L', which lies between them and is pivoted at its IOO ITO

inner end tothe bar I3. The lever terminates at its outer end beneath the driving-shaft H, and is provided with a stud or anti-friction roller L3, which takes into t-he groove of a camroller L3 on the shaft, which in revolving imparts a vibrating motion to the lever whenever the stud runs through the inclined portions of the cam. These inclined portions'of the oa1n-track 1 to 2 and 3 to 4L (see- Fig. 18) are as short or abrupt as it is practical to make them consistent with easy working, in order to quickly vibrate the lever and elevate or depress the points of the packer-arms at the proper moments. Each packer-arm is connected by a pitman K3 to the sway-bar, by which it is vibrated horizontally back and forth on the pivot-pin 104 of its knuckle-joint- About midway of its length a depression or recess is formed in the packer-arm and cov-v ered by a correspondiugly-recessed cap 7a4 to form a suitable socket for the reception of the ball-joint k3 on the endV of the pitman. (See Figs. 11, 12, 16, and 17.) The pitman is connected to the sway-bar by the noiseless yielding rubber sleeve-joint, (shown by enlarged detail, Fig. 15.) Thisforms a tight y joint around the cross-pin, but permits the swaying movement of the pitman as'it follows the wrist-pin of the crank.

It will be understood from the foregoing description that the packer-arrns are vibrated horizontally by the sway-bar through the pitman-connections and vertically by the cam L3, acting through the lever L and the bar L,which unites the two knuckle-joints. These two motions are so timed relatively to each other that the points of the packer-arms are caused to traverse the path shown by dotted lines in Fig. 11. At the beginning of the forward movement they rise very rapidly while advancing slowly, owing to the quick action of the cam L3 in raising them and to the slow motion of the sway-bar I when its actuatingpitman is on or just passing the dead-center of its driving-crank H2. At the extremity of the advance stroke they fall below the bottom bars of the receptacle and return vto the starting-point, having gone through, practically, four motions-viz., rising, advancing, falling, and receding. Of course the path of motion may be slightly modified or altered (advantageously, perhaps) from that shown withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention, which consists, essentially, in placing the feeding or packing devices of a platform or low-down binder within the table and below the binding-receptacle, into the entrance to Which they are thrust through aptures or slots in its bottom.

A grain retaining, compressing, and bundle-ejecting arm S forms the outer side of the binding-receptacle and arrests the grain be-A ing packed into it. This arm is mounted upon the end of an overhead shaft S', supported at its rear end in a bearing in the bracket or supporting-head F' and at its front end in a bearing on the standard E. The

needle-arm Q is mounted upon an overhead shaft Q', parallel to the shaft S', and is also supported in bearings in the supporting-head F' and standard E. Cut-off arms O O are mounted upon a shaft 0,which extends across the platform below the receptacle-bars t' and between the upper and lower surfaces of the belts, and serve to check and throw back the incoming stream of grain when the receptacle is full and the binding operation about to take place. Y

A compressor-arm P is mounted upon a shaft P',supported in suitable bearings c3 c4, cast upon -the knotter-boX C'. This arm assists the cut-off arm in making a wide separation between the incoming stream of grain and the gavel, and, further, it compresses the gavel in advance of the needle-arm.

A float or starting bar N3 is pivoted to the bridge-piece J2 of the breast-frame and projects into the binding receptacle. As the grain is packed into the receptacle under it 'the float 4is gradually raised until it trips the starting mechanism, by which the binder is throwninto operation.

Motion is communicated to the binding mechanism by a spur-pinion'M, keyed fast to the con stantly-revolving driving-shaft'H, engaging at proper intervals with the spurwheel M', carried by a shaftV M3, having its bearings cl2 and e3 in the standards 'D and E at each side of the wheel. The spur-'wheel is mutilated, two of the teeth being omitted at the point nearest the driving-pinion when the wheel is at. rest, the pinion revolving freely in the space thus formed. (See Figs. 6, 8, 9, and 24 to 27.) On the front end of the pinion is a projecting ange having two notches m m in its edge and carrying on its front face the two liigs,\vhich form part of the universal joint, by which the shafts B3 and -H are united. The flange liesin a plane in front of the face of the binder-Wheel M', upon which is pivoted a starting-pawl M3, which,when the binder is to be operated, falls into one of the notches in the pinion-flange, causing the wheel to move forward until its teeth become engaged with those of the pinion, by which `it is then moved through a complete revolution.

A trip-lever N, pivoted upon the standard D, has a toe or projection n upon its lower end, which, when the binder is at rest, lies under the starting-pawl, holding it out of engagement with the pinion; but when the binder is to be operated the toe is withdrawn from under the pawl, permitting it to drop and engage the pinion. A spring N4, attached to the standard D, bears against the lower end of the trip-lever7 urging it toward the binder-wheel, while an adjustable stop n4 on the standard limits its movement in this direction. rIhe pawl M3 is urged into engagement with the pinion by a spring m', its downward movement being limited by a stoplug` m3 on the face of the binder-wheel, on which it rests while the wheel is in motion; but at the completion of the revolution the ICO IIS

pawl slides over the toe of the lever N, lying in its path, and is held by it above the reach of the pinion. The pawl is provided on its front face with a projecting ledge m, (see Figs. 26 and 27,) by which it is engaged by the toe n of the trip-lever. On the under side of the ledge is a recess or poel-:et mrt, in which the toe n, lies when the wheel is at rest, locking it against accidental. movement. An inclined portion of the ledge m5 on the advanced side of the pocket rides over the toe n, lifting the pawl off the stop-lug, (see dotted lilies, Fig. 26,) and a downward extension m of the ledge strikes the toe and abruptly stops the binder-wheel at the completion of its revolution, the extension m being long enough to insure contact with the toe and guard against the wheel overrunning. The trip-lever N is pivoted between supporting-ears on the standard D and rocks inv a vertical plane at right angles to the face of the binder-wheel, its toe ya normally lying in the path of the starting-pawl M2, but is withdrawn therefrom by rocking the lever on its pivot when the binder is to be operated. The upper end of the lever is connected by a link n. to one arm of a bell-crank N', pivotcd to a projecting lug-f'l on the supportinghead F at the end of the overhanging arm. The other arm of the bell-crank is connected by a link n? to a lever N2, secured upon one end of a rock-shaft or", mounted in the tubular portion of the bridge J2 of the breastframe, the float or starting bar N being scoured upon the other end of this shaft.

By reference to Figs. 1, 6, 9, lO, 25, and 26 the operating of the starting mechanism will be readily understood. The oat N3, being raised as the grain is packed into the binding-receptacle, communicates motion to the trip-lever N through the links, levers, the., just described, rocking it upon its pivot until its toe is withdrawn from beneath the starting-pawl M3, permitting it to drop into engagement with the pinion M and start the binder-wheel, at the completion of whose revolution the dog is again intercepted by the trip-lever and the wheel locked as before described. Suitable provision would of cou rse be made for varying the size of the bundles by hastening or retarding the tripping action. The binding-wheel M makes a complete revolution for each bundle bound and has two ribs m7 m7 east upon its rear face to form a calnway or track by which the movem ents of the cut-off arms O are governed. These arms are secured upon the shaft 0, which has its bearings in brackets O2 o2, bolted, respectively, to the front and rear sills of the platform. A crank-arm Oi is secured to the front end of the shaft and connected by a link os to a similar crank-arm Oon the end of a rockshafto". This shaft is mounted in a long sleeve-bearing e, cast upon the standard E, and has secured toits front end a crank-arm 05,that carries an anti-friction roller o, lying in the cam-track on the binder-wheel and deriving from it a variable motion, which itimparts to the cut-off arms. Then the binder is at rest, as shown in Figs. 10 and 24, the roller lies in the pocket a" ol the ca1ntrack and the cut-olf lingers are below the bottom bars of the receptacle. On the Irst movement of the binder-wheel the roller runs up the quick incline of the cam to the point 002, (see Fig. 33,) rapidly raising the cut-off arms, their points piercing and throwing back the stream of grain in the throat of the bindingreceptacle and stopping above the breast-bars, thus effcctually closing the entrance to the receptacle. The roller now runs through the concentric portion au* of the cam, holding t-he cut-oit' arms at the point attained by their first movement, in which position they hold open a clear path through the grain for the points of the compressor-arm P and the needle-arm Q, and also hold back the incoming grain from the packers, which continue working upon the grain behind the arm and help to elfect a more perfect separation of the gavel in the receptacle from the grain held back by the arms. The binding mechanism should be started and the cut-olf arm given its first upward movement when the packerarms are at mid-stroke, the advancing arm being then about on aline with or slightly bcyond the path traversed by the point of the cut-off, so that grain in front of it will not be engaged by the cut-off and drawn back. To effect this result, the two notches m on the drivin g-pinion M are so located relatively to the wrist-pin of the crank H2 that when one or the other of them is engaged by the startingpawl M3011 the binder-wheel the wrist-pin is at mid-stroke on either thchighest or lowest live center of its revolution. It the cut-olf arm should rise before the packer-arm has cleared its path, they would be acting oppositely upon the same grain, the packer to urge it into the receptacle and the cut-off arm to throw it back upon the platform with obviously undesirable results. The coincidence in the paths of the packer and cut-off arms will be clearly seen by a comparison of Figs. ll and 34. It will further be noticed that when the cut-off arm has accomplished its initial movement it is in a position to hold back the incoming grain from the influence of the succeeding packer-arm, which will thus rise in cleared space behind or outside of the cut-off and act only upon grain already in the receptacle. The roller o5 next runs up the gradually-inclined portion at* of the cam-track and raises the cut-off arms to the position shown in Fig. 35,-in which position they are held during the remainder of the binding operation by the roller running through the concentric portion mi of the cam-track. When the roller passes through the quickly-receding portions of the cam-track to the pocket the cut-off arms are rapidly dropped to their original positions below the receptacle-bars. The second upward or advance movement of the cutoff arms takes place simultaneously with the IIO upward movement of the compressor-arm P from the point of intersection with it, as shown in Fig. 34, the arms moving'away from each other at this point and effecting a wide and thorough separation or parting between the gavel in the receptacle and the incoming grain on the platform. The cut-off arms remain in their advanced position, Fig. 36, until the binding operation is completed and the needle and compressor arms on their return movements have receded past the throat of the receptacle, when they are suddenly dropped and the grain which has been accumulating against them during the binding operation allowed to pass into the receptacle. The cut-off arms O O are shorter and higher when they lie below the receptacle than the arm O, as shown by Figs. 7 and l0, being made in this Way to enable them to clear the packerarms when down and to hold the heads and butts of the grain farther back when they are raised to cut off.

The shaft M2, which supports the binderwheel, proj ects through its bearing e2 on the standard E and has keyed to its rear end a crank plate or disk R,which might be called the master-wheel of the binder, for it not only imparts motion to the needle and compressing arms, but it also operates the knottying mechanism, before referred to as forming the subject-matter of another application, and such of the parts shown in these drawings as exclusively belong to or contribute toward the operation of the knotting mechanism will be found fully described and claimed in the said application.

Upon the rear face of the disk R is cast a 4wrist-pin r, upon which is mounted one end of a short link r', its other end being connected to a stud r2 onu the front face of a lever R', loosely mounted on the front end of the compressor-shaft PQ between two shorter arms p 2J', pinned fast to the shaft. The lever R has an unvaryin'g range of movement, while the compressor-arm P, which it actuates, encounters larger or smaller bundles in the receptacle, and is therefore made to stop or act with a yielding pressure when meeting with undue resistance, While the lever R completes its movement. The latter communicates motion to the shaft P through the spring p2, which is wound several times around its hub, and has one of its ends bearing down upon a stud r3 on the lever, the other bearing up against any one of a series of similar studs p3 on the arm 1J', fixed to the shaft. The spring` is always under tension urging the shaft ahead of the lever R; but its independent forward movement is limited by a stud p4 on the arm p, which lies in a slot r4 in the lever R', always bearing against its upper end unless the compressor-arm meets with a resistance greater than the power of the spring, when the stud will stop and fall back in the slot, whilethe lever completes its stroke. The force of the spring and the consequent pressure of the compressor-arm upon pressor-arm.

' erful.

the^bundle may be varied as the' exgencies of the case require by changing the spring `from one stud to another on the arm p.

During that portion of the movement of the binder-wheel in which the cut-off arms are iirst or partially thrown up the lever R and those parts of the binding mechanism receivin g motion from it have no advance movement, but remain almost stationary. This is due to the fact that the wrist-piu r at the beginning of the movement is back or outside of a center line drawn from the shaft M2 to the stud r2 on the lever to which the link o is attached, (see Fig. 10,) and that during the movement referred to the crank-pin merely crosses this line to the position shown in Fig. 33 at the same'distance in advance of the line as it lay behind it at the beginning of thc movement. This of course Would not impart any appreciable motion to the lever, but it brings the wrist-pin fr close to the axis P of the lever R as it approaches and`crosses a line drawn from said axis to the axis of the crank-disk R, the lever P, line r2, and the link-line r r,forming an acute angle, so that the continued movement of the wrist-pin to the position shown in Fig. 34 will impart a very rapid motion to the lever and the com- As the wrist-pin approaches the position shown in Fig. 35 the speed it impart-s to the lever is greatly reduced; but its action thereon becomes much more pow- The compressor-arm at [irst advances very rapidly, gathering before it the looselypacked grain in the receptacle; but as it approaches the limit of its movement the grain becomes highly compressed and offers greater resistance to the advancing arm. At this `stage (see Fig. 35) the operation of tying the knot begins, during which the bundle is given an addition al compression, the arm advancing to the position shown in dotted lines, while the wrist-pin is movingto its dotted position,

in which it will be in line with the crank-axis M2 and the stud r2 on the lever, exerting a maximum of power on the lever while imparting to it a minimum of motion. Vhen the position ofthe wrist-pin shown in Fig. 36 is reached, the binding operation is concluded and the compressor-arm is about to return to its starting position below the receptaclebars. i

As before stated, thecut-off and compressorarms effect a Wide separation between the incoming grain on the platform and the gavel in the receptacle. (See Figs. 34 and 35.) The needle-arm Q descends through the cleared space thus formed, and as the com pressor-arm advances ahead of the needle, compressing the grain before it, the latter is relieved from all strains or heavy work and is free toperform vits only function, that of placing the binding-cord around the bundle and accurately presenting it to the knotting mechanism. The needle-arm is 'actuated by the lever R through a link R2, which connects the le.

ver to a geared sector or crank arm Q2, keyed IOO IIO 

